04 - Potential Difference

Both EMF and potential difference are often used to represent the same thing but they aren't the same quantities. When a current flows through a material the electrons accelerate due to the applied EMF, but they don't ain much velocity because they collide with ions in the material, and due to this, electrons at one end of the material have more energy than electrons at the other end, leading to a potential difference.

Potential difference is always measured between 2 points and never at a single point

Summary

EMF keeps electrons in motion while the potenial difference is the difference in energy of the electrons as a current passes through a material.

Both EMF and Potential Difference have the same unit, the Volt ()